Hmeichheho Ve Mai Mai Hi

Christian Egalitarian Versus Complimentarian

             

AD 585 khan Macon khua, Italy-a kohhran rorel khâwl, bishop 59 kalkhawm chuan ‘hmeichhiaten thlarau an neih ve leh neih ve loh’ chungchang an khel a. Chu chu ‘hmeichhiate hi chhandam an ni ve thei ang em?’ tihna tluk a ni. A tâwpa vote an han lak chuan vote khat chiahin hmeichhiaten thlarau an neih ve ringho chu an chak a ni an ti. Hei hi a bâwm ak thu deuh bâkah mi hre ril zâwkte chuan chutih hun laia kohhranin hmeichhia a en dan nen a inkalh a, chuvangin thil tak tak ni theiah chuan an ngai lo.

Amarawhchu he thu hian kohhran mai pawh ni lo, khawtlang nuna hmeichhia kan en dan a sawi thui viauin ka hria a, chuvangin he kohhran rorel agenda nia an sawi hre reng hian titi kan vawr dawn a ni. Kan duh duh kan sawi ang. Tin, kan thusawi hian kawh tum mumal a nei vak bawk lo vang. Kan duhna lam lam kan hawi ringawt dâwn a ni. Hetianga zirtir nei ren run lova lehkha ziah hi rilru a zalen a, a nuam danglam riau. Chuvangin kan lehkha ziah hian eng nge a zirtir a, eng nge a tum tihah kan buai lo.

Thuthlung Thar bu intanna-ah hian mi pawimawh tak tak pathum, hmeichhe pahnih leh mipa pakhat an lo lang. Hmeichhe pahnihte chu Elizabeth-i leh Mari te an ni a. Mipa chu puithiam Zakaria a ni. Zakaria leh Mari te hian fa an neih tur thu an dawng ve ve a. A puithiam zâwk Zakaria chuan a ringhlel a, a naupang zâwk Mari erawh chuan a ringhlel lo. A rai tur thu a hriat hnu lawkah hla chhammi (poem) a phuah chhuak nghal zat thei a, nula fel tak a ni awm e. Thlarau Thianghlim fa a pai dâwn tih a hriat hnu lawk, a laizawn Elizabeth-i nen an inhmuh ruala Mari hla (poem) phuah hi Magnificat an ti a. Hetia chawplehchilha hla phuah mai thei nula hian hla dang emaw, poem dang emaw a phuah zawm kan hre lo; a rau a thawk chhunzawm lo a ni ber awm e.

Mari te hun lâi hi Thuthlung Hlui leh Thar inthen hun lâi, a sâp tawng taka intertestamental period an tih a ni a. Hetih lâi vela Juda-te chuan kum 13 tling chin chu puitling, nupui pasal nei theiah an ngâi a. A neih pawh an nei mai reng a ni. Mipa naupang chu a kum 13-na pianchamphaphâk atanga Sabbath hmasa berah puitling a nih chhinchhiahna ang rengin Bar Mitzfa an neih pui a. Hemi hnu hi chuan mipa naupang chu an Juda dante zawm tur leh mahni inenkawl thei tawh tura beisei a ni. Reform Judaism-ah chuan hmeichhe naupangte pawh hetiang hi an neih pui a, chu chu Bat Mitzfa an ti. Mari pawh hi engemaw ti special  taka a lêng rei bik te a nih loh chuan Josefa nena an inhual a, pasal neih a tum rilruk lâi vel hian kum 13 atanga 17 inkâr vel bâk a ni lo maithei a ni. Ka lehkhabu chhiar pakhat chuan kum 15 niin a sawi a. Chu pawh chu rinthu a ni tho mai. Hmanlai mite chu nupui pasal an innei hmâ hle. Kan pû Mahatma Gandhi-a pawh khan kum 13 a nihin a âia kum khata upa nula Kasturba-i chu nupuiah a nei a nih kha. Hmanlâi Mizote pawh nupui pasal an innei hmâ hle. Taitesena chu khaw khat tlangval senior niin a thi a, a thih khân kum 22 mi a ni. Tunlâi mi nise kan hmu naupang teh ang chu.

Mari chuan a pasal hual Josefa hnena a rai thu hrilh chu a huphurh ve ngang mai. Sâwn ngaihnêpna (Genesis 38:14) rama pa hmêl puh tur leh kawh tur awm lo, mi vantlang ngaiha falak pai zahthlâk turzia kha kan zu ngaihtuah thiam lo zâwk hial a ni. “Sâwn chu Lalpa mite pung khawm zingah an tel tur a ni lo, a thlah, chhuan sawmna (kumkhuain tihna tluk a ni-margin) pawh Lalpa mite pung khawm zingah an tel thei lo vang,’ (Deut. 23:2) tih a ni si a. Mari khan Isua a pai avang khan rilru leh taksa lamah eng ang chiahin nge a tawrh hriat phâk rual a ni lo. A la naupang bawk si, zahthlâk bawk si, raino awmzia pawh la hre ngai lovin mihring zinga a fa paina sawi tur awm lo fa a pai a ni a, a hrehawm dan a thuahhnih ngawt ang. A bialpa hi Josefa ni kher lo phei se a mualpho nasa ang chu. Tin, Josefa tân pawh chutia a nupui hual nâu paiin a puh ta lo chu a hrehawm viau ang; kan bialnu tih ni se mut tuina chi a ni lo. Amarawhchu Josefa hi tlangval rilru tha tak mai a lo nih avangin an mualpho lo chauh a ni. Chu bâkah a bialnu a mualpho chuan a mualpho tel ve dâwn tih a hria te pawh a ni mahna. A lan danin an la naupang dun nasa mai si a, engemaw han inkhak phah nân leh intihtauh phah nân an hmang em hriat a ni lo. Engpawhnise heta ka han sawi duh chu kristian sakhaw intanna-ah hian hmeichhia an lar hle tih hi a ni. Mari chanchin sawi tel lovin kristian sakhuana hi sawi lan theih a ni lo va. Kohhran din tirh pawha mi tangkai tak takte an ni.

Amarawhchu hmeichhiate hian hmanlâi ata tawh en hran leh en hniam an tâwk nasa hle a. Juda puithiam thenkhat phei chuan an zing tawngtaina-ah hmeichhia an nih loh avanga an lawmthu an chham tel kher thin. Leviticus 12: 2, 5-ah chuan nuin mipa a hrin chuan ni sarih a bawlhhlawh ang a, hmeichhia a hrin chuan ni sawm leh pali a bawlhhlawh ang tih kan hmu. Eng vanga hmeichhia a hrin vang maia nu chu bawlhhlawh rei bik nge a nih a sawi zui lo. Hei hi feminist thenkhat chuan la vawngin Bible hi mipa leh hmeichhie thliar nasatu a ni tiin sawichhiat nan an hmang.

Amarawhchu sakhaw hrang hrang chanchin han chhiar hian hmeichhe dinhmun a hniam viau zel a. Chutah chuan sakhaw hrang hrang zinga a inti rilru zâu ber leh intichangkang ber kristian sakhua meuh pawh hi a bang lo. Lehkhathiam Tirhkoh Paula meuh pawh khân chhandamna chungchangah hmeichhia leh mipa an danglam lo ti mah se rawngbawlna chungchangah kher chuan hmeichhiate chu a en hniam deuh tih loh theih a ni lo. I Korinth 14:34, 35-ah chuan “Kohhranho inkhawmnaah chuan hmeichheho chu ngawi rengin awm rawh se; anni zawng an thusawi phal a ni si lo; Dan Lehkhabuin a sawi ang bawk khan thu zawmin awm zawk rawh se. Tin, engpawh zir an duh chuan in lamah mahni pasal zawt rawh se; kohhranho inkhawmnaa hmeichhe thusawi hi a zahthlak si a,” tiin hmeichhiate chu a dah sâng lo hle ti ila kan daw lovang chu. He thu hi tunlâi hian a taka zawm tum ila India constitution-te pawh a kalh lek lek zâwk lo maw? ‘Tun atang hian Bible thu angin hmeichhia reng rengin biak inah thu an sawi ve thei tawh lo vang. Hmeichhe inkhawm pawh hi tihtâwp nghal tur a ni,’ ti ila, nuho rilru chu a na ngawt ang. An ân hla hriat châkawm tak a ni. Tirhkoh Paula chuan ‘kohhran inkhawmnaa hmeichhe thusawi hi a zahthlâk si a,’ ti hialin a sawi a. Tunlâi hmeichhe thusawi thinho an zah lohzia leh an sawi theih zawt zawtzia nena ngaihtuah chuan inpersan tak a ni.

Tirhkoh Paula’n heti tak maia biak ina hmeichhe thusawi a khap nasa hi eng vang nge kan zu hre thui lo va. Cultural background a neih leh neih loh pawh kan zu hre thui lo khawp mai. Korinth khua amite chauh a tihna nge khatih hun lâia kristian zawng zawngte leh a hnu kum sang hnih dâwn lâia mite hi min hmer tel hriat a har tawh hle. Khatih lai vel khan kristian zingah hmeichhia an tam zâwk lehnghalin an sawi a. Ziaktu pakhat phei chuan mipa an indaih lo va, pasal tur an van khawp mai tilam zawngin a ziak a ni. Korinth khua amite hnena a lehkhathawn hi duh tâwk lovin Timothea hnenah pawh, “Hmeichhiain thu awih tlatin ngawi rengin zir rawh se. Amaherawhchu, hmeichhiain zirtir zawng ka phal lo, mipa chunga thu neih ka phal hek lo, ngawi rengin awm zawk rawh se,” tiin a la sawi nawn leh cheu mai a (I Timothea 2:11,12). A ngai pawimawh ngang ni tur a ni. Kan zu hre thui si lo va. A hrilhfiahtu hrilhfiah dan a ni tawh mai awm e. Engpawhnise kohhran din tirh atangin hmeichhe dinhmunah hian kristian-te hi kan buai tawh a, tun thleng hian kohhranah eng ang dinhmun nge an luah ve ang tih hi inhnialna tâwp thei lo a la ni reng a ni.

“Kohhran tina Pathian mi thianghlimte tih dan angin,” ( châng 33) tia bul a tan avang hian khatih laia kristian kohhran dangah pawh hmeichhiain thu an sawi ve ngai lo tih a lang a. Chutianga ti ve tur chuan Korinth khuaa mite hi a hrilh mai a ni. Paula te hun lâia awm ve Juda historian hmingthang, Rom sawrkar pawhin a hmelhriat tham Josephus-a chuan, “Kawng engkimah hmeichhiate hi mipate aiin an hnuaihnung zâwk,” a ti.

Paula kha Kilikia rama Tarsa khua ami a ni a. A hun laia tawng tualleng ber chu Grik tawng a ni a. Roman Empire chhûnga awme ti lovin Grik culture a lar ber bawk. Chuvangin Paula pawh kha Grik hnam ziarangin a hneh hle ang tih chu hnial rual a ni lo. Chuvangin Korinth khaw kohhran leh Timothea te hnena lehkha a thawn lai vel boruak, a bikin hmeichhe dinhmun kha thlir hmasa lawk ila. Sawi tawh ang khan amah hi chhungkaw awm thei tak atanga lo seilian niin a lang bawk. Naupan têt lai atanga Pathian tih mi a nih bâkah mithiam hmingthang Gamaliela hnen atanga inzir chhuak a ni.

Tarsa khua hi tunlaia Turkey ram chhim lam, Mediterranean tuipui atanga kilometer sawmhnih vel leka awm a ni a. Tunah chuan Turkey ram khaw lian palina Adana-Mersin Metropolitan Area huam chhung ami a ni. He khua-ah hian mihring pawh maktaduaih hnih leh nuaih sarih lâi an awm. Paula pian lâi vel pawh khan khaw lian tak leh pawimawh tak a ni tawh a. A hming tithang zualtu chu Roman General Antony leh Aigupta lalnu hmêltha hmingthang Cleopatra te intawn hmasak berna a nih vang te, zawlnei Danial thlan awmna nia an sawi hmun a awm vang te leh Cilicia (Kilikia) phaizawl ram tha tak mai te chu an ni. Kum 171 BC khan an mahni awptu  Antiochus IV Epiphanes-a lakah an hel a. Ani hian Tarsa khaw hming chu Antiochia tiin a thlâk a. Mahse he hming hi an pu rei hman lo. Rom lal Pompey-a hun laiin Kilikia ram bial khawpuiah a siam a. Julius Kaisara tihlawm nan Juliopolis tiin a hming hi an thlâk leh a, chu pawh chu a pu rei chuang lo. Kum 66 BC khan he khuaa chengte hi Rom mi nihna pêk an ni a, chuvang chuan Paula pawh kha Rom mi renga piang a ni. Tin, Tarsa khua hi zirna hmunpui a nih avangin Paula a inzir sâng viau pawh kha a mak lutuk lo.

Paula kha sawi tawh angin Abrahama thlah Israel mi, Benjamina thlah a ni a. Juda hnam tihdan leh nunphungin a hruai hle ang. Rom mi nihna a neih avang leh Rom-ho chu political power nei an nih avangin Rom tihdan tam tak a zui ve bawk ang . Chutih rual chuan mi thiam a ni a, a hun laia culture lar ber leh tawng tualleng ber Grik-in a hneh thui hle ang tih a rinawm. Tunlai Mizo-ho ang hi a ni ber awm e. Tunlai Mizo-te hi chu vâi, sâp leh Mizo kan ni kawp deuh roh tawh a ni. Vâi tihdan tam tak kan la a, sâpho kan entawn nasa a, keimahni hnam dan kan la thlah vak chuang lo bawk a. Kan kawp nasa ta. Kan changkan poh leh kan thâm kawp nasa mai a ni. Hetiang deuh hian Tirhkoh Paula lehkhathawna culture factor lo awm thin pawh hi a hun lâia a nunpui loh theih loh culture pathum, Grik, Juda leh Rom atanga thlir a fuh mai thei.

Tirhkoh Paula te hun laia Grik hmeichhiate dinhmun hi tunlai dan atanga teh chuan hniam viau anga sawi theih a ni. Hmeichhe naupangte chu an pate thuhnuaiah an awm rawt a. In chhûngah a nute hnathawh tanpuiin eisiam dan te, puan thui dan te, puan tah dan te an zir ber a. Lehkha pawh inah an zir ve mai.

An tleirawl chhuah tirhah mipa kum 30 mi vel pasalah an nei tlangpui a. An pate zawnsak (arranged marriage) a ni deuh vek bawk. Tunlai anga hmangaihna hmachhuana mahni duh ber kan nei chat ang hi a ni lo. Pasal an neih tawh chuan an pasalte thuhnuaiah awmin inah an tawm deuh chawt a. Grik khawtlâng nuna an dinhmun chu an nihna azir a ni. Hmeichhe chi thum an awm.

1. Nawhchizuar leh Sal

Hmeichheho zinga dinhmun hniam berte chu nawhchizuarho leh sal hmeichheho an ni. Hengho hi nuthlawi te, ramdang mi te, indonaa an sal man te, tuma duh loh hmeichhe naupang vâkvai te an ni ber a. Pasal nei lo an ni tlângpui bawk. An awmna ram mi nihna dik tak an neih loh avangin danin a chhan ve meuh lo va, chhungpui nu ber anga anmahni phuartu a awm hek lo. Pawisaa lei theih an nih avangin an zalen phian a. Chuvangin hmeichhe tuallim deuh an hmuh dan a hniam phah thung. Hmeichhe salho chu an pûte thu thu a ni mai. Engmah sawi theih an nei lo.

2. Hetaerae (Hetaira)

Heng mite hi tunlaia first class KS kan tih ang deuh hi an ni awm e. An changkang a, arts lamah (music leh lâm) an sâng bawk a. An nun pawh a zalen hle. Mi lian hmei an ni duh viau. Heng hmeichheho hi Grik mipate khan zu ngaisangin zu duh hlawm viaua maw le!

3. Chhungpui Nu

Heng mite hi pasal pangngai neia chhungkaw nu ber an ni a. An dinhmun pawh a awhawm ber awm e. Mahse kan sawi tawh ang khan an pasalte chu an hmangaih ngawih ngawih vanga an neih an ni mang lo; nu leh pate inbiak remna avanga innei an ni ber. Mi hausa nupuite chuan an chhungkaw enkawl turin chhiahhlawh an nei a. Chutia tirh mai tur an neih avang chuan Grik nuho chu pâwn lamah an chhuak khât hle niin an sawi.

Tin, nuin an in chhûng an chhuahsan zin lutuk chuan pâ mualphona a ni. Amarawhchu chhiahhlawh nei zo lo an tam ve a, chung mite chuan pâwn lamah, a bikin an lo lamah hna an thawk ve nasa hle.

Hnam fing hmasa Grik-ho zingah pawh hian hmeichhiate chuan ngaihnêp an hlawh hle a. Bungrua ang leka lei leh hralh theih an ni ti ila kan uar deuh hret chauh ang chu. Grik pasalthate chuan hmeichhiate chu fa neih nân chauh an tha an ti thin. Nupui pakhat aia tam neih phal a ni a, mahse an nei uar lutuk lo thung.

Juda-te zinga hmeichhe dinhmun awm chu kan sawi lang nual tawh a. Sawi tam a ngai awm lo ve. Mipate chuan chhuanlam ho tê tê, in chhûng khawsak rel a thiam lo, a thaw a rimchhia tihvel mai maiin an nupuite chu an ma thei a. Hmeichhia erawh chuan an pasalte an then ve thiang lo.

Hetiang deuh bawk hian Rom mite zingah pawh hmeichhe dinhmun a sâng lua lo khawp mai. Sawi sen a ni lo. A hun lâia amah chimtu culture pathumte enin Paula’n inkhawmnaa hmeichhe thusawi a phal lo kha a tihawm reng a ti a ni a tih theih. Khatih hun lai Grik khuaa ringtu hmeichhiate kha tunlai kan hmeichheho ang hian duh duh sawiin râk vel ve ta chiam sela chanchin tha chuan ngaihsan aiin ngaihnêp a hlawh zâwk dâwn nite pawhin a lang thei.

Kum zabi pahnihna chawhnu lamah khan kohhran hruaitu lar St.Tertullian-a (BC 155-225 bawr vel) chuan, “Evi thlahte inni vek tih in inhria em? Ramhuai kawngka chu in ni a. Thei ei phal loh eitu in ni bawk. Pathian Dan kalsan hmasatu in ni a, Setana meuh pawhin a beih ngam loh chu in thlêm ngam a. Awlsam takin Pathian anpui mihring chu in tichhia a. Nangmahni avangin Pathian Fapa meuh pawh a thi a ni,” tiin hmeichhiate chu a hau phiarh phiarh mai a ni ( ti ila a dik ang).

Hippo khaw kohhran hruaitu St. Augustine-a [BC 354-430] pawhin, “Mi nupui an ni emaw, nu an ni emaw, hmeichhia chu thlêmtu Evi, kan inven rengna tur chu an ni a, a danglamna eng nge awm? Fa neih nân chauh lo chuan mipa tâna hmeichhe tangkaina hi ka hmu ve thiam lo,” a ti bawk.

Kum AD 567 khan Tours khuaa kohhran rorel chuan hmeichhiate chu mipaho an thlêm thlûk avanga an demna thu an chhuah a. Rûl nena tehkhinin an vun rawng tidanglama mipate hip thinah an puh a ni. Chutih lâi vel bawka Auxerre khuaa kohhran rorel chuan hmeichhiate chu an pianphung renga bawlhhlawh an nih thu an nemnghet a. Chuta an rel dan chuan hmeichhia reng rengin an kutlawngin sakramen chhang an ei thiang ve lo va, an thi neih lâi phei chuan an tel thei lo hrim hrim ang. Chu mai a la ni lo, biak ina an zai ve pawh phalsak an ni lo va. Hla key sâng, contralto sa tur chu mitil reh an hmang mai thin.

Biak ina hmeichhia an zai ve a thian leh thian loh chungchangah hian kohhran (local church) thenkhat chu an buai rei viau bawk. Kohhran thenkhat chuan biak ina hmeichhe zai loh tur tih chu an zawm tha duh lem lo. Tin, hmeichhe raipuar baptisma chantir leh chantir loh ringawt pawh inhnialna tham a ni. AD 601 khan a hma lawka England rama missionary hna thawk thin Canterbury-a awm Augustine-a chuan kohhran policy leh dan tê neuh neuh zâwtin Pope Gregory I chu lehkha a thawn a. A zawhna zingah chuan hmeichhe râipuar baptis theih an ni em tih leh hmeichhe thi nei lâiin sakramen an ei thiang em tihte a tel a.

Augustine-a lehkhathawn hi Pope chuan chhangin Pathianin nau pâi thei tura malsawmna a pêk raipuarte baptisma chantir loh ringawt chu dika a hriat loh thu leh hmeichhe bawlhhlawh (thi nei mumal lo nia lang) pawhin Isua a dek a, a lo dam ta mai a. Chuvangin anni pawh sakramen an ei theih lohna tur a awm lo a ti a. Mahse he pope thupuan hian chutih laia an inhnialna chu a la ching fel zo chuang lo a ni.

Hun Lai Ta vel laia Waldensian-ho erawh chu hmeichhe chungchangah an zâu hle. A fiahna chiang tak chu ka hmu mai lo naa Waldensian-ho hian kohhran rawngbawlna-ah hmeichhia an chhawr nasa hle a. Thuhril te, baptisma chantir te leh Lalpa zanriah buatsaih te pawh an ti ve mai thin nia sawi a ni.

Kum zabi 13-na laia Pathian thu thiam hmingthang Thomas Aquinas-a erawh chuan hmeichhia a dah hniam hle thung. Hmeichheho a dah hniam thu pawh a ziak tam hle an ti. A ngaihdan chuan hmeichheho chu tisa châkna chauhin a thunun laiin mipate erawh chu chhia leh tha hriatnain a thunun thung. Hmeichhiate chu kawng engkimah mipa chunga innghat an ni a. Hmeichhe chunga mipa innghahna awmchhun chu chi thlah thu hla-ah chauh a ni. Heng avangte leh chhan dang dang avangin hmeichheho chu kohhran rawngbawlna khawih ve tlâkah a ngai lo va. Hetiang zawnga teh chuan hmeichhe dinhmun chu sal dinhmun aiin a hniam zawk tihna a ni.

Ziak lama hmeichhe famkim lohna leh mipa aia an hniam zâwkzia sawi nasa ber chu kum 1486-a Dominican Inquisitors-ho lehkhabu ziah Withches’ Hammer kha a ni maithei. Khatih hun lai thuziak tam tak chuan hmeichhia an dah hniam ve hrim hrim bawk a. Entirnan Avignon puithiam pakhat chuan hmeichhe dik lohna (fault) 102 a ziak a. Chung zinga pakhat chu ‘hremhmun luah lumtu’ an ni a tih chu a ni. Hmeichhiate chu dawithiama puhin an halhlum fo bawk. Ziaktu pakhat a hming ka hriat mai loh phei chuan hmeichhiate chuan dawi an uar em avangin hremhmunah mipa aiin an tam a ring zawk.

Reformation hnu khan hmeichhe dah hniamna hi a nêp deuh mai thei. Chu pawh chu la inhnial theih tak a ni. Martin Luther-a kha chuan Juda-ho leh hmeichheho hi a dah sang lo khawp a. Juda-ho phei chu huat tak têin a hua a ni awm e tih turin a bei na salh salh khawp mai. Mahse chu lam chu kan chhui tur a nih loh avangin dah tha hrih ila. Luthera’n hmeichhe chungchang a sawi zinga kan hriat lar pakhat chu, ‘Hmeichheho chu nu ber an nihna atangin han dahsawn teh u, engahmah an chhawr tlâk tawh lo vang,” tih hi a ni. “Mipa dar chu a pharh a, an kawngbawr a zuih a, a fin pawh an fing a ni. Hmeichhia erawh chu an dar a zuih a, an mawngbawr a lian thung. Hmeichhia chu in chhûngah an awm tur a ni; an mawngbawr lian hian hetiang tura siam an nihzia a entir. Chuvangin in chhung vil ula, naupang enkawl rawh u,” a ti bawk.

John Calvin-a erawh chu hmeichhe chungchangah a nêm deuh niin a lang a. A ngaihdan diktak erawh hriat a harsa hle. Scotland rama siam thatu John Knox-a erawh chu hmeichhe chungchangah hian a khauh hle thung. Roman Catholic hmeichhe lal (queen) pahnih England lal Mary Tudor (Bloody Mary) leh Scotland lalnu Quise-i te kut an tuar nasa bawk nen rawngbawlnaa hmeichhe inrawlh ve a duh loh thu a sawi na hle. A ngaihdan chu hmeichhiate chu an ‘chak lo va, an derthawng a, an â hle a, an sual a, finna pawh an nei lo.’ “Hmeichhe thatna ber chu mipa thu thua awm tur leh an rawngbawl tura siam an nihna hi a ni,” a ti. Heti tak hian hmeichhia chu dah hniamin lang mah se Knox-a hian hmeichhia thian tha tak tak, a nun khawih em emtute a nei nual tho.

Reformation hian hmeichhiate tân zalenna a pe ti ila kan tisual tam lo vang chu maw! Hetih lâi vela Roman Catholic hmeichhe puithiamho awmna convent chu an khirh hle a. A khirh zual, entirnân Nimbschem khuaa Cistercian Convent-ah chuan nun sawmli an awm a. Chung nun-ho chu anmahni leh anmahni inbiak pawh an phal zen zen lo va. An chhungten an tlawh pawhin puanzar phen atang chauhin an be thei; chu pawh an hotute tawiawmna nen chauh lehnghal. An kal vel pawhin lu kûnin an kal ang a, zawi muangin an kal tur a ni.

Hetiang tak hian invawng khauh mah se reformation boruak chuan a chim ve tho mai a. Convent atangin nun tam tak an tlan chhuak a. An inru chhuak bawk a. Chunga an inrûk chhuah dan velte chu thawnthu ngaihnawm tak tak a awm. Heng hun lai atang hian hmeichhe zingah tunhma ang lo taka thuhril ngam an rawn awm ta a. Chungte chu Catherine von Bora Luther-i te, Catherine Zell-i te, Argula von Grumback-i te, Marguerite-i te, Renee-i te leh midang dang an ni. 

A pâwl ang zawng pawhin hmeichhia leh mipa kan intluk reng e tih thu kal puitu an rawn lang tan ta bawk. Chung zinga a hmasa ber pâwl chu England rama Fifth Monarchist an tihhote kha an ni. Anni ngaihdan chuan kohhran rawngbawlna zawng zawngah hmeichhia an tel thiang vek a. Hei vang hian hmeichhiate pawhin an bawh phah deuh niin an sawi. An zingah hian hmeichhe thusawi thiam lar ve tak takte pawh an awm awm e.

France rama mi thenkhat tihduhdahna tuarte chu England ramah an tlanchhia a. Chung zinga mi tlêm tê chu French Prophets pâwl an ti a. Anni pawh hi hmeichhe lam pâwl deuh an ni a. John Wesley-a sawi danin an inkhawm pawh a chhangchhe deuh. Mahse hmeichhia leh mipa intluktlan thu sawi uartute an nihna hi kan tarlan chhan a ni.

Quaker-ho an rawn lang ve leh a. Bawm ak thu-ah chuan Quaker pâwl dintute hi hmeichhia deuh hlir an ni a. Mahse a dintu taka sawi chu George Fox-a a ni. Anni pâwl hian kohhran chhûng rawngbawlna-ah reng reng hmeichhia leh mipa an thliar lo. Anniho hi chu a hmaa mite âi khan an tam a, an huhang a na a, chanchin sawi tur pawh an ngah khawp mai. Hmeichhe nasa fê fê, chanchin ngaihnawm tak tak sawi tur an nei nual a. A tawrh pawh an tuar nasa hle. Kan thuziak tingaihnawmah pahnih khat chu ziak ang hmiang.

Quaker hmeichhe zinga hming lang hmasa pâwl zinga pakhat Baptist thuhriltu, Fox-an Quaker ni tura a thlêm thlûk Elizabeth Hooton-i kha a ni. Quaker a nih angin mipa leh hmeichhia hi inang rengah a ngai a. England lal Charles II hma-ah pawh a thingthi duh bik lo. Hei vang han mipui hmâ-ah vuak a tuar fo va, lun in pawh a tân phah fo.  Boston (USA) khuaa a thiannu Quaker ve bawk Mary Fisher tlawh tura a kal chu a chanchin an lo hre hmasa si a, Boston thuneitute chuan a chuanna lawng chu an lawngchawlhna hmuna chawlhtir an phal lo va. Virginia lamah kaltir a ni. Mahse he mite pahnih hi an tum a ruh khawp mai. An upa deuh tawh naa ke ngata New England kal an tum ta a. Kea engemaw chen an kal hnu-ah lawngin Boston chu an thleng leh ta a. Mahse an lo man a, patling thenkhatin sakawr chunga chuangin ramhnuai thlalerah an dah leh ta a ni.

Hooton-i chu England-ah a kir leh a. A beidawng ta tihna chu a ni lo. “Bishop-ho thiltih dan duh lova inla hrangho chu bishop-ho aiin an sual zâwk,” tiin Boston khua amite awm dan chu a sawisel nghe nghe a ni. Lalber hnenah chuan Boston khuaa ram neih phalna dilin a hmêlmate awmnaa inkulh chu a la tum fan a. Mahse Boston khaw mite chuan lal thupêk chu engah tehual an lo ngai lo a ni ang, Boston a thlen thlâk rualin an lo man a. Zahthlâk taka sawisain khaw pâwnah an hnawt chhuak a. Ani tân chuan a rinna avanga fiahna a ni zel mai. Sakawr chungah chuantirin khua atanga mêl engemaw zâta hla, ram sakawlh tak tak awmna hmunah an dah leh ta a. Mahse mak tak maiin hemi hmun atang hian damin a chhuak a, Jamaica lamah a kal ta a ni.

Hooton-i lo pawh hi Quaker hmeichhia, an rinna avanga tuar sawi tur an tam hle. Entirnan May 31, 1660-a Boston khuaa mi sakhawmi tak takin an thurin a kalh tia an khaihlum tak Mary Dyer-i chanchinte kha a ngaihnawm hle.

Amarawhchu zawi zawiin thil a lo danglam hret hret a. Economic lama hmasawnnain mihring min tichangkang zel a, chu chuan hmeichhe tân chanchin tha a rawn thlen ta zel bawk a. Tichuan kristian zingah zawi zawiin hmeichhia an zalen tial tial a. Rawngbawlna-ah an inrawlh tam tial tial bawk a. Tun hi kan thleng ta a ni. Amarawhchu tun thleng hian kohhrana hmeichhia leh mipa dinhmun inthlauh dan chungchang hi inhnialna reh thei lo a la nih avangin a la ngaihnawm dawn chauh te pawh ni fahmiang.

Hmeichhia leh mipa te hi kohhran rawngbawlna-ah pawh an intluk vek tur a ni ti pâwl an awm a. Chung mite chu christian egalitarian an ti a. A lehlamah hmeichhia leh mipa te hi Pathian siam danah inchawm tawn tur an ni a. Mipate hi a chungnung zâwka siam an ni. Kohhranah mipa tihtur chin a awm tilam hawia la tang tlat, mipa rawngbawlna ang ang hmeichhe tâna la phal ve chiah lo an awm a. Chung mite chu complimentarian an ti.

Assemblies of God te, Quakers te, Penticostal kohhran thenkhat te, Nothern Baptist te, Seventh-day Adventist te leh United Church of God te hi egalitarian pawmtu nia sawi an ni a. Mahse an pawm dan erawh a inchen lo hle. Roman Catholic leh Eastern Orthodox te hi complimentarian lam an ni a. Anniho pawm dan leh thil kalpui dan  pawh a inchen vek bik lo.

Tunah chuan khawvel a lo danglam ta a, Pathian thu atanga hmeichhe dahhniam hrim hrim te, biak ina zai phalsak ve loh te, inthlannaa vote neih ve phal loh te, nau an vei laia an na tilutuk chhawksak tura nachhawkna lam chi pêk phal loh ang te, an rai laia baptisma chantir phal loh te, an thineih laia sakramen ei phal ve loh te, biak ina thusawi phal ve loh te ang kha chu nuihzatthlâk a kâi ta zâwk a ni. Tunah hian kohhran tam tak chuan upa-ah emaw, pastor-ah emaw te chuan kan la iai deuh maithei a. Mahse hei pawh hi tun atanga rei vak lo, keiniho kan thih hunah chuan thangtharten history angin an la rawn chhiar ang a, fiamthu thawh nân an la hmang mai mai lo vang tih a sawi theih loh.

Keini kohhranah pawh hian kum 1982-a Adventist kohhran ka zawm hnu-ah thil a danglam hret hret tih ka hmu hman. Kan pate rual chuan devine service-a hmeichhe dinchhuah ve kha an ngaithiam mang lo va. Thusawi te lek phei chu beisei ve turah an ngâi lo. Tunah erawh chuan tunhma ang em em kha kan ni tawh lo tih chu hai rual a ni lo va, chuvangin tuna hmeichhe beisei ve phâk loh tura kan ngaih tam tak hi nakin, kum sawmnga te a han vei leh hunah chuan mak ti miah lovin kan la pawm hmiah hmiah ang.

A hrim hrimin kei chu hmeichhiaho hi ka ngaisang riau; Pathianin mipate tanpui tur leh enkawl tura a siam an nih vang emaw ni, an tel lo hian ka khawsa thei lo tih ka hai lo. A sawi pawh hi ka zak zo lo a ni ber e.

Hmeichhia ngei mai kan han ngaizawng a, an chhiatna pakhatmah hmu zo lova kan han duh ngawih ngawih mai te hi chu nuam zawng zawng kan nei zo a ni ber a. Chuvangin thawka phita ‘hmeichheho ve mai mai’ tingawt thei ka ni lo. An awm loh chuan in chhûngte hi a ruak huai mai a ni. Ka nu boral kuma kan in chhung ruah ngawih ngawihzia kha mak tak a ni ringawt. Nû awm lohna chhungkaw hoh theihzia leh khawharthlâkzia kha tawngkama sawi chhuah theih ni pawhin ka hre lo. Ka tawngkam thiamna hian a daih lo a ni ber e. Chutah nupui chhia tha kan lo nei ve a. Khawvela kan hlimna leh lawmna zawng zawng inchhunkhawmna chu kan nupui, hmeichhia-ah ngei mai chuan a ni. Rangkachak tirangkachaktu an ni a. Pawisa hlutna tihlu zualtu an ni a, khawvel tikhawveltu an ni bawk.

Pathian thilsiam zingah hmeichheho hi siam hnuhnun ber an ni. Khatia ransa dang zawng zawngte a inkawp tur tê têa an han inkawp far mai a hmuh khan mihring hmasa ber Adama chuan mal ngawih ngawihin a inhria a. Khawtlâng lunglên kan tih ang hian han ngaih bik tur chiah hre lovin a khua a har ru ngawih ngawih ni awm tak a ni. A khawharzia hriain Pathian chuan a kawppui tur awm mi a siamsak ta a. Adama’n Evi a han hmu chu a lawm ngang mai a, a hmangaih nghal bur niawmin Bible chuan a sawi. Hei hi khawvel love story kan hmuh phâka first sight love kan hriat theih hmasak ber a ni bawk. Romeo-an zan khat thilthua Juliet-i a hmangaih nghal bur ang kha a ni ber awm e. A nuamah pawh a hrehawmah pawh tiin suala Evi a tlûk pawh khân thih thlenga zui a thlang ta a ni.

             Kan pu ber Adama’n a zir bawk a, a thlahte hi hmeichhe tel lovin kan awm thei lo a ni ber e. Mipa tam zâwk hi chuan Evi tel lova Eden huan luah aiin Evi nena Eden huan pâwn lam chan kan thlang zâwk mai awm asin. Nia, hmeichhe tel lovin kan piang thei lo va, an tel lovin kan thang lian thei lo va, an tel lovin chhungkua kan din thei lo. Chuvangin hmeichhiate hian duat leh fak an phû hle a ni (an fel viau chuan). ☺☺